insuline injection

         Doctors always say that the technique of insulin injection is very important in your diabetes control , in this article you will have 7 advice to perform insulin injection :

zone where you can inject insulin ( ADA 2015 ) :

*abdomen
*thigh
*buttock
*the back of the arm

the insulin is injected subcutaneously, once it passes through the capillary walls it joins the bloodstream and target organs .

the rapidity of insulin absorption depend on injection zone : it is the quickest when you have your injection in the abdomen , it is medium when the injection is the arm or thigh and it is nit in the buttock .

7 advice for the insulin injection :

1. before injecting, check the zone if it is hardened or hollow you have to change the area and wait until it returns to normal.
2. change the needle every insulin injection
3. it is recommanded to not inject insulin where you note an abnormality in your skin : hair root, stretch marks, moles .
4. it is recommended to space two successive injections of a finger , 2 cm.
5. it is highly recommended to inject insulin slowly and to wait 10 second before removing the needle .
6. we can mark the zone of the injection in our book tamper .  

  To have more information about diabetes visit :

• Hypoglycemia 
• Hyperglycmia
• Tips that you have to know 
• Diabetes food 

hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia (High Blood Glucose)

Hyperglycemia is the technical term for high blood glucose (blood sugar). High blood glucose happens when the body has too little insulin or when the body can't use insulin properly.

What Causes Hyperglycemia?

A number of things can cause hyperglycemia:
If you have type 1, you may not have given yourself enough insulin.
If you have type 2, your body may have enough insulin, but it is not as effective as it should be.
You ate more than planned or exercised less than planned.
You have stress from an illness, such as a cold or flu.
You have other stress, such as family conflicts or school or dating problems.
You may have experienced the dawn phenomenon (a surge of hormones that the body produces daily around 4:00 a.m. to 5:00 a.m.).

What are the Symptoms of Hyperglycemia?

The signs and symptoms include the following:

• High blood glucose .
• High levels of sugar in the urine .
• Frequent urination .
• Increased thirst .

Part of managing your diabetes is checking your blood glucose often. Ask your doctor how often you should check and what your blood glucose levels should be. Checking your blood and then treating high blood glucose early will help you avoid problems associated with hyperglycemia.

How Do I Treat Hyperglycemia?

You can often lower your blood glucose level by exercising. However, if your blood glucose is above 240 mg/dl, check your urine for ketones. If you have ketones, do not exercise.

Exercising when ketones are present may make your blood glucose level go even higher. You'll need to work with your doctor to find the safest way for you to lower your blood glucose level.

Cutting down on the amount of food you eat might also help. Work with your dietitian to make changes in your meal plan. If exercise and changes in your diet don't work, your doctor may change the amount of your medication or insulin or possibly the timing of when you take it.

What if it Goes Untreated?

Hyperglycemia can be a serious problem if you don't treat it, so it's important to treat as soon as you detect it. If you fail to treat hyperglycemia, a condition called ketoacidosis (diabetic coma) could occur. Ketoacidosis develops when your body doesn't have enough insulin. Without insulin, your body can't use glucose for fuel, so your body breaks down fats to use for energy.

When your body breaks down fats, waste products called ketones are produced. Your body cannot tolerate large amounts of ketones and will try to get rid of them through the urine. Unfortunately, the body cannot release all the ketones and they build up in your blood, which can lead to ketoacidosis.

Ketoacidosis is life-threatening and needs immediate treatment. 

Symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath
• Breath that smells fruity
• Nausea and vomiting
• Very dry mouth

Talk to your doctor about how to handle this condition.
Medical IDs

Many people with diabetes, particularly those who use insulin, should have a medical ID with them at all times.

In the event of a severe hypoglycemic episode, a car accident, or other emergency, the medical ID can provide critical information about the person's health status, such as the fact that they have diabetes, whether or not they use insulin, whether they have any allergies, etc. Emergency medical personnel are trained to look for a medical ID when they are caring for someone who can't speak for themselves.

Medical IDs are usually worn as a bracelet or a necklace. Traditional IDs are etched with basic, key health information about the person, and some IDs now include compact USB drives that can carry a person's full medical record for use in an emergency.
How Can I Prevent Hyperglycemia?

Your best bet is to practice good diabetes management and learn to detect hyperglycemia so you can treat it early — before it gets worse.

insulin injection : How to inject insulin ?

Insulin injection :

Insulin is injected under the skin. The child can do the injection by himself  or his parents if he is too young. Insulin injection requires insulin pens, insulin cartridges and needles or insulin syringes and vials of insulin or an insulin pump.

It is important to regularly check the expiry date stated on the label insulin, and not to keep a bottle, a cartridge or started more than a month pen.

Be sure to keep the vials, cartridges or insulin pens unopened in the refrigerator in the vegetable drawer or the top of the door. And keep the vials, cartridges or pens started outside of the refrigerator, away from heat (no more than 25 °) and the sun.

We must know how to distinguish the fast action of insulin, which appear clear, the long-acting insulin: NPH appears troubled, slow analogues that appear clear.

Before injecting insulin "troubles", turn the bottle several times or pen to make smooth.

Insulin pen :

The pen makes insulin injection more simple then syringe . Insulin is available at all times in a cartridge or in a disposable pen. Refillable pens used with appropriate cartridges pen to select insulin ½, 1 or 2 unit (s). Disposable pens, ready to use, to select insulin by 1 or 2 unit (s).

                

For injection, requires special needles that are adapted to the pen. Needles of different lengths are available. The pen and the most appropriate needles are selected with the doctor.

How to prepare the insulin pen

There are various models of pens, cartridges and needles. We must therefore refer to the instruction manual of each. Generally, the cartridge is installed in the pen. Disposable pens are ready to use.

To install the needle on the pen

The sterile package is opened by removing the needle of the paper cover;

The needle is screwed fully onto the pen, without removing it from its packaging;

The package is removed, but the cap is left on the needle until the injection

Diabetes : ocular disease

Advice for every diabetic patient

            
The most powerful way to deal with diabetes is to be well educated about your lifelong illness .

This article is dedicated to all patient suffering from diabetes and especially the category treated with insulin .

what to eat ?

Diabetes type 1 happen at critical time in the life of the patient , at puberty which is the phase of growth . Therefore, the patient should be careful to his nutrition .He should eat enough protein to ensure normal growth .Generally patient limit their food intake as a diabetic diet fearing from hyperglycemia but that can affect their health .So aiming the ultimate balance a patient should : 

• Do not make strict diet : eat all aliment moderately .
• Avoid consumption of food rich in isolated sugar .
• Each of your meals should respect  food categories needed:40 to 50% of carbohydrates15% protein30-45 .
• Do not skip any meal .
• Drink a lot of water .

what precautions to take before practicing sports ?

First of all you should decrease your insulin dose by 2 or 4  unities ,that depend on the intensity of the activity .secondly,eat well before the activity (an hour before to avoid nausea and vomiting ) and you can drink juice or coca ,that will give you energy .thirdly ,you should inject insulin in a muscle that will not be solicited by your activity .finally ,you should alert one of the entourage about your illness or take a cart indicating that you are diabetic .

hypoglycemia

                 Hypoglycemia is a very frequent prompt complication of diabetes especially diabetes type 1 treated with Insulin .

What's Hypoglycemia ?

Hypoglycemia is condition where the sugar concentration in blood is lower than 0.5 g.l . Hypoglycemia can be caused by many circumstances that any Patient with diabetes should know :

• decrease in energy intake through diet :skipping a meal .
• A lot of physical activity .
• increasing doses of Insulin .
• Incorrect injection site .

Symptoms of hypoglycemia ?

Signs of hypoglycemia vary from one patient to other but they are generally the same for the same patient :

• cold sweats .
• Palpitations .
• Blurred vision .
• tremors of extremities .
• intense hunger .
• irritability .

Sometimes ,signs of hypoglycemia are atypical ,the patient feel uncomfortable ,confused  and doesn't know what happen to him . Doctors always advise any Patient with diabetes to check-up his glycemia  whenever he feel bad .

What to do when you have hypoglycemia symptoms ?

First of all  , you should have something that contain quick sugar in your pocket .You should take it quickly than something containing slow sugar (bread...) . if symptoms disappear doesn't disappear in 10 minutes you should take cola or juice or any liquid containing quick sugar !

is Hypoglycemia sign of balanced  diabetes ?

Many doctors say that hypoglycemia especially light ones are a witness of balanced diabetes and we can say that hypoglycemia is the cost that pay the patient trying to get perfect balance of his illness .So if you're parents of a son with diabetes and he have many episodes of hypoglycemia don't worry just try to help him to respond perfectly to that situation . A perfect balance of diabetes tolerate 5 small episodes of hypoglycemia a week .

Things that you should know about hypoglycemia :

1. The more episode of hypoglycemia you have the less you will feel symptoms of hypoglycemia and you will risk a grave hypoglycemic accident .
2. Many medications can provoke hypoglycemia or decrease your sensitivity to hypoglycemia .
3. nocturnal hypoglycemia can cause day insomnia witch will have many bad implications in your life ,so try escape them .

To have more information visit :

the best blog about diabetes : http://jeunediabetiq.blogspot.com/

Diabetes food!

Do not make strict dietTo eat allHave a varied and balanced dietEat a reasonable amountDo not obsessively counting calories consumedTake the advice of a nutritionist or dietitian, with the consent of her diabetologistAvoid consumption of food rich in isolated sugarRespect to each meal proportions of various food categories needed:40 to 50% of carbohydrates15% protein30-45% fatNever consume sugar except where exceptional circumstances require it (eg hypoglycemia)Observe the total amount of carbohydrates allowedWeight control: in patients with type II diabetes, weight loss, what it is, improves blood sugarRhythm of the meal: splitting meals is essential to maintain good glycemic controlPerform three main meals and that 1 or 2 snacksTake their meals regularlyDo not skip mealsEating vegetables and fruits at every mealEat starchy foods at each meal, one lunch and dinnerCombine vegetables and starchyAvoid foods high in sugarPrefer lean meatsEating fish at least 2 or 3 times a weekEat starchy foods and distribute them across the day for carbohydrate intake with the needs of the body and your physical activityVary foodMake a real breakfastDrink enough waterAvoid sugary drinks, major suppliers of sugarReduce the consumption of mealsThe foods to chooseStarchy foods: bread, crackers, pasta, rice, semolina, potatoes, flour, pulses, legumes (lentils, beans, chickpeas, split peas, lentils)Green vegetablesFruits: one dayFish: at least 2 times a weekPoultryVegetable oils rather than butter or creamThe dishes steamed, or grilled in foilDrinksWater: drink at least a liter a day. Increase consumption in hot conditions or during sports activitySoda choose "light"Coffee, tea, herbal teas can be consumed without sugar or sweetenerThink lemon juice, but without adding sugarDo not forget the vegetable juices, but avoid those containing carrots and beetsCarbohydrates: eating carbohydrates at each meal (bread, starches, fruits ...)Carbohydrates that act directly on blood sugar are recommended: they must be eaten in reasonable amounts during each meal.Do not remove the bread and starchesKnowing the amount of carbohydrates consumed at each mealA balanced diet should provide 50-55% of calories as carbohydrateThought to decrease the pastries ...You can eat sweets, but in limited quantity and at the end of a mealAvoid eating cake at tea time, when a small hollow appears.

To learn more about diabetes visit :

theb best blog about diabetes : http://jeunediabetiq.blogspot.com/